May 31, 2026
Pride Month starts tomorrow, so let's talk about the witches who were already there. The cunning folk tradition in early modern England wasn't tidy about gender. Court records from the 16th and 17th centuries are full of practitioners who confused the clerks taking them down — men who did "women's" charm work, women who took on the village's protective/martial workings, people the records can't quite name without contradicting themselves three lines later. The trial documents preserve this not because anyone was being generous, but because the bureaucracy needed categories the practitioners refused to fit into. Folk magic across the diaspora has the same pattern. Two-Spirit practitioners in Indigenous traditions. The quimbanderas and the babalawos who broke their own lineage's rules to initiate the people their elders said no to. The hoodoo workers in the Jim Crow South whose households didn't look like the census wanted them to. Drag, ballroom, and houses as kinship structures with their own protective magic, their own oaths, their own ancestors. This isn't a "queer people have always existed" platitude. It's more specific than that. The work of cunning, of conjure, of folk practice has *always* been done by people the dominant culture wanted to disappear. The practice and the marginalization are not separate stories. The same forces that criminalized the magic criminalized the practitioners' bodies, households, and desires. So when Pride lands on the wheel this year, the lineage isn't a footnote. It's the floor. Sources I keep coming back to: Owen Davies, *Popular Magic*. Yvonne Chireau, *Black Magic*. Will Roscoe, *Changing Ones*. Read messy. Read primary where you can.
